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2018年成人學(xué)位英語挑錯(cuò)題型指導(dǎo):怎樣避免代名詞錯(cuò)誤

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談到代名詞的誤用,特別是代名詞的數(shù)和所指引的主語的數(shù)不符,使得后頭謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)也跟著出差錯(cuò),真是差之毫厘,失之千里,不可不察。

這里要指出一些方向,以避免因代名詞的錯(cuò)誤而使句子的意思模糊不清。

怎樣避免代名詞的錯(cuò)誤呢?

㈠不要用同個(gè)代名詞指引兩個(gè)性別一樣的名詞,如:

① Mr Li told Mr Lin that he was wrong.

這里的he既可指林先生,也可指李先生,含糊不清。應(yīng)該改為②或③:

② Mr Li said to Mr Lin, "I am wrong."

③ Mr Li said to Mr Lin, "You are wrong."

㈡避免把代名詞和它所指引的名詞隔開太遠(yuǎn),如:

④ The man leaned over the bench for hours working on the plan. It was too low to be comfortable.

這里的代詞it離開名詞the bench太遠(yuǎn),結(jié)果關(guān)系不清楚,因?yàn)樵谖恢蒙希m合指引the plan.在這種情況下,只好避開it,而用名詞,即the bench.

㈢避免濫用指示代詞"this,that"或關(guān)系代詞"who,which,that"泛指上文的內(nèi)容。例如:

⑤ Tom's brother is an accountant, and this is the profession everyone envies.

這里的this指"accountant"。“會(huì)計(jì)師”是一種專業(yè)人士,和后頭的“專業(yè)”(profession)并不相稱,因此要把this改為 accountancy(會(huì)計(jì)工作),才合句子的意思。

⑥ The profit from the business was large, which I realised sometime later.

這里的"which I realised sometime later"是句形容詞分句,應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在先行詞后面,不應(yīng)該脫離出來而獨(dú)立。如果要用它來修飾全句話,更不合邏輯,應(yīng)該改為⑦或⑧:

⑦ I realised sometime later that the profit from the business was large.(主句 + 名詞分句)

⑧ The profit from the business was large. I realised this (matter) sometime later.(單句 + 單句)

㈣避免用代名詞"they, you, it"影射腦子里的事物,如:

⑨ In Singapore, it relies heavily on tourism as a source of national revenue.

這里的 it 指向什么呢?如果是心目中的“政府”或“旅游促進(jìn)局”,那就要明言,不要用不清不楚的it:

⑩ In Singapore, the government…

11. In Singapore, the Tourist Promotion Board…

12. In less industrialised countries, they do not know the problems of urban development.

這里的代名詞they是不是指the people(人民)?如果是就用吧。In less industrialised countries, the people…過后,要再提這主語時(shí),才用they:...the people…They are only interested in their daily life.

其實(shí),在這種主語不詳?shù)那闆r下,被動(dòng)語態(tài)是最好的選擇:

13. In less industrialised countries, the problems of urban development are not known "Though the standard of living is raised, the costs of living are also increasing."

編輯推薦:

2018年全國成人學(xué)位英語考試簡(jiǎn)介

2018年成人學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試報(bào)名條件

成人學(xué)位英語成績(jī)查詢時(shí)間及查詢方式

(責(zé)任編輯:)

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