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4.做定語
如:The teacher has many reading materials.老師有很多閱讀材料。
Our teacher uses a very good teaching method.我們教師的教學(xué)方法很好。
注:動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語是有區(qū)別的。動名詞作定語,和它修飾的名詞在邏輯上沒有主謂關(guān)系,即它不是該名詞發(fā)出的動作,只是表明所修飾名詞的目的和用途?,F(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示所修飾的詞與分詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。
如:a sleeping car= a car for sleeping臥車(動名詞)
a sleeping boy= a boy who is sleeping睡覺的男孩(分詞)
5.動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
一般情況下,動名詞的邏輯主語為謂語動詞的主語。如果動名詞動作的發(fā)出者不是謂語動詞的主語,則需要有自己的邏輯主語。這種物主代詞或名詞所有格加動名詞就構(gòu)成了動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。
1) 邏輯主語是有生命的名詞,作主語時,必須名詞或代詞所有格,作賓語時(尤其在口語中),也可用名詞普通格或人稱代詞賓格。
如: Do you think my going there will be of any help? 你看我去會有什么幫助嗎?(作賓語)
The student's knowing English well helps him in learning French.這位學(xué)生通曉英語對他學(xué)法語很有幫助。(主語)
Do you mind my (me) smoking? 你介意我抽煙嗎?
2) 邏輯主語是無生命名詞時,一般只用名詞普通格。
如: Do you hear the rain pattering on the roof? 你聽見雨點打在屋頂上了嗎?
3)邏輯主語是指示代詞或不定代詞this, that, somebody, someone, nobody, anybody, anyone時,只用普通格。
如: She was woken up by somebody shouting outside. 她被外面喊叫的人吵醒了。
6.動名詞的時態(tài)
動名詞的一般式:動名詞的一般式表示動作與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生,或在謂語動詞表示的動作之后。
如:We are interested in collecting stamps.我們對集郵感興趣。
動名詞的完成式:動名詞的完成式所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。
如:We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time.我們因提前完成了這項工作而受到了表揚。
注:在介詞on, upon, for, after之后,常用一般式代替完成式,表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前。
如:Excuse me for coming late.請原諒我來晚了。
第二部分 鞏固練習(xí)
用動詞適當形式填空:
1. The text needs___________ (explain) once again.
填 explaining/to be explained. need后面接動名詞作賓語主動表被動。
2. The movie is worth ___________ (see).
填seeing. be worth doing.表示值得做什么
3. I've had a hard time ________ (learn) English.
填 learning. have a hard time (in) doing sth.
4. I still remember __________ (take) you to Beijing for the first time.
填 taking. remember doing sth.表示記得做過某事。
5. Clint always remember __________ (turn) off the lights when he leaves the room.
填to return. remember to do記得去做某事
6. Now he regrets ________ ( not, go) to university.
填not going. regret doing sth. 對做過的事情后悔
7. We regret ________ (inform) you that the flight has been cancelled.
填 to inform. regret to do sth. 對要做的事遺憾
8. I regret _________ (let) slip that opportunity.
填letting. regret doing sth. 對做過的事情后悔
9. Peter went on ___________ (sleep) despite the noise.
填sleeping. go on doing繼續(xù)原先沒有做完的事情
10. He welcomed the new students and then went on __________ (explain) the college regulation.
填 to explain. go on to do sth. 繼而做另外一件事
11. Mr.Smith regretted _____ (blame) his secretary for the mistake, for he later discovered it was his own fault.
填 blaming. regret doing sth. 對做過的事情后悔
12. The boy is constantly being told not to scratch the paint off the wall, but he goes on ________ (do ) it all the time.
填doing. 繼續(xù)原先沒有做完的事情
13. You must tell me the truth. I insist on _______ (tell) the truth.
填telling. 介詞on后面用動名詞
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