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3.作賓語
1)必須接動名詞作賓語的動詞有:admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, finish, mind, postpone, risk等
如:We'd better postpone discussing it till next week.我們最好把這件事推遲到下星期討論。
2) 有些動詞既可以接動名詞也可以跟不定式作賓語。如:attempt, begin, continue, hate, like, love, start,need等。如果用動名詞,在意義上比較一般和抽象,時間觀念不強;如果用不定式則表示具體的動作,有將來時的含義。
如:The boys like playing football.這些男孩們喜歡踢足球。(經(jīng)常性的動作)
Would you like to play football with us this Sunday? 這個周日愿意和我們一起踢球嗎?(指一次動作)
注:need, require, want作需要解時,后面須根動名詞或不定式的被動語態(tài)作賓語,這時動名詞的主動式表示被動的意義。
如:The window needs /wants/requires cleaning (to be cleaned).這個窗戶需要清洗。
3)在remember, forget, stop, mean, regret, try, go on等動詞后動名詞和不定式的區(qū)別比較大
如:I remember reading the book.我記得讀過這本書。(記得做過某事,已做)
I remember to read the book.我必須記得去讀這本書。(記住去做某事,未做)
The old lady forgot telling us the story and told us a second time.那個老太太忘記給我們講過這個故事,她又講了一遍。(忘記做過某事,此事已經(jīng)發(fā)生)
I forgot to lock the door this morning.今天早晨我忘記鎖門了。(忘記去做某事,此事未做)
Though they were all tired, they wouldn't stop working.雖然他們都很累了,但是他們也不肯停止工作。(停止正在或經(jīng)常做的事)
After walking a long time, he stopped to have a rest.走了好長時間之后,他停下來休息。(停止某件事,目的是去做另一件事)
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 誤了這趟火車意味著再等一個小時。(意味著)
I mean to come early today.我打算今天早些來。(打算)
He regretted saying that to her face.他后悔當她面說那番話。(對做過的事情后悔)
I regret to tell you that I won't go with you.我很遺憾地告訴你,我不能和你一起去。(對要做的事遺憾)
Why not try knocking at the back door?為什么不試試敲后門。(試驗,試一試某種方法)
He will try to improve his spoken English.他要設法提高他的英語口語。(努力,企圖做某事)
They went on working after dark.天黑之后,他們繼續(xù)工作。(繼續(xù)原先沒有做完的事情)
After finishing the letter, he went on to read a book.寫完信后,他接著讀書。(繼而做另外一件事)
4)動名詞作介詞賓語
如:He is against dancing all night.他反對通宵跳舞。
注:下列短語中的to是介詞,不是不定式符號
如:in addition to除外, devote oneself to獻身于,look forward to期望, be used to習慣于, stick to堅持,lead to導致,object to反對,be opposed to反對,pay attention to注意等
如:He is used to working on the night shift.他已習慣上夜班。
We are so much looking forward to seeing you again.我們非常盼望再見到你。
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